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What does a topographic map show?

  1. Weather patterns

  2. Local wildlife

  3. Elevations and contours of the land

  4. Historical boundaries

The correct answer is: Elevations and contours of the land

A topographic map is specifically designed to represent the three-dimensional features of a terrain in a two-dimensional format. It effectively illustrates the elevations and contours of the land, which is crucial for understanding geography, navigation, and planning outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, or hunting. The contour lines used in these maps indicate the elevation at various points, allowing users to visualize hills, valleys, mountains, and flat areas. Weather patterns, local wildlife, and historical boundaries are not the primary focus of topographic maps. While weather patterns can influence outdoor activities and local wildlife might inhabit certain areas represented on the map, that information is not conveyed through topographic details. Historical boundaries may be indicated on different types of maps, but they do not provide the topographical information necessary for understanding the physical landscape. Therefore, the emphasis on land features, elevations, and contours makes this answer the most accurate when discussing the purpose and utility of topographic maps.